php 函数汇总 字符串函数sprintf()是一个用于格式化字符串的函数。

PHP session创建过程，详解基于cookie的session机制 PHP session创建过程，详解基于cookie的session机制PHP session创建机制详解，PHP session是基于cookie的（一般是，如果客户端不支持cookie,则使用url query方式）。PHP创建session代码：<?php session_start(); $_SESSION['name'] = 'value'; ?>，用浏览器访问此文件，会生成一个Set-Cookie的http响应头，在客户端设置一个名字为“PHPSESSID” 的cookie.如图：打开F12的“应用”，查看已存在的cookie,则看到刚才已设置的cookie.再次刷新此php文件。可以看到响应头中已经没有了Set-Cookie头，此时，因为cookie中已经存在PHPSESSID的cookie.则后续将使用已经存在的PHPSESSID cookie.

PHP单文件路由类 PHP单文件路由类路由类Router.php<?phpclass Router { private $routes = []; private $routeCount = 0; public function addRoute($method, $url, $callback) { $this->routes[] = ['method' => $method, 'url' => $url, 'callback' => $callback]; $this->routeCount++; } public function doRouting() { $is_match=0; // I used PATH_INFO instead of REQUEST_URI, because the // application may not be in the root direcory // and we dont want stuff like ?var=value $reqUrl = parse_url($_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'], PHP_URL_PATH);//$_SERVER['PATH_INFO']; if ($reqUrl == null) { $reqUrl = ''; } $reqMet = $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD']; foreach ($this->routes as $route) { // convert urls like '/users/:uid/posts/:pid' to regular expression $patterns = array('/\[[a-zA-Z0-9\_\-\/]+\]/','/\[{[a-zA-Z0-9\_\-}]+\]/','/\[\/{[a-zA-Z0-9\_\-}]+\]/','/{[a-zA-Z0-9\_\-}]+/'); $replace = array('([a-zA-Z0-9\-\_\/]*)','([a-zA-Z0-9\-\_]*)','([a-zA-Z0-9\-\_\/]*)','([a-zA-Z0-9\-\_]+)'); // $pattern = "@^" . preg_replace('/\\\:[a-zA-Z0-9\_\-]+/', '([a-zA-Z0-9\-\_]+)', preg_quote($route['url'])) . "$@D"; $pattern = "@^" . preg_replace($patterns, $replace, $route['url']) . "$@D"; $matches = array(); // check if the current request matches the expression if (preg_match($pattern, $reqUrl, $matches)) { // remove the first match array_shift($matches); foreach ($matches as $key => $value) { if (empty($value)) { unset($matches[$key]); } } // call the callback with the matched positions as params if ($route['method'] !=='*' && $reqMet !=='HEAD' && ( !empty($route['method']) && !in_array($reqMet, explode(',', $route['method']))) ) { throw new Exception("405 Not Allowed"); } return call_user_func_array($route['callback'], $matches); } else { $is_match++; } } if ($is_match == $this->routeCount) { throw new Exception("404 Not Found"); } } } //autoload // spl_autoload_register(function ($class_name) { // require_once __DIR__ . '/' . str_replace('\\', '/', $class_name) . '.php'; // }); 路由配置文件config/route.php <?php return [ [ ['GET'], '/', [new App\Index, 'index'], ], [ ['GET'], '/search', [new App\Index, 'search'], ], [ ['GET'], '/tool-[id][/]', [new App\Index, 'tool'], ], [ ['GET'], '/tool-[id]', [new App\Index, 'tool'], ], [ ['GET'], '/category-[cid].html', [new App\Index, 'category'], ], [ ['PUT,GET'], '/hello', function () { echo 'Hello AmazePHP!'; }, ], [ ['GET'], '/hello2', 'callbackFunction', ], [ ['GET'], '/hello44.php', function () { include 'App/aaaaa.php'; }, ], [ ['GET'], '/hello3/[id]', [new App\Foo, 'bar'],////object, method ], [ ['GET'], '/a/[uid]/b[/pid]', ['App\myclass', 'say_hello'],//static method ], [ ['GET,POST'], '/users', function () { echo 'post AmazePHP'; }, ], [ ['*'], '/users/[uid]/posts/[pid]', function ($uid, $pid = 99) { var_dump($uid, $pid); }, ], ];使用方法index.php include 'lib/Router.php'; include 'config/route.php'; $router = new Router(); foreach (config('route') as $key => $value) { $router->addRoute($value[0][0], $value[1], $value[2]); } $router->doRouting();

PHP curl 携带cookie请求抓取源码，模拟登陆 PHP curl 携带cookie请求抓取源码，模拟登陆function request_url_data($data) #获取保存COOKIE { $cookieSuccess = __DIR__."/cookie.txt";#cookie保存文件地址 $data['user'] = '用户名'; $data['pwd'] = '密码'; $requesturl = 'http://GET登陆提交地址?'.http_build_query($data); $ch = curl_init(); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $requesturl); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, $cookieSuccess); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, FALSE); $data=curl_exec($ch); curl_close($ch); return $data; } function get_list($requesturl)#携带COOKIE请求获取登陆后的内容 { $cookieSuccess = __DIR__."/cookie.txt"; $ch = curl_init(); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $requesturl); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, $cookieSuccess); //使用上面获取的cookies curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE); // https请求 不验证证书和hosts curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, FALSE); $data=curl_exec($ch); curl_close($ch); return $data; }

使用phpunit进行单元测试 使用phpunit进行单元测试本教程假定您使用 PHP 8.1 或 PHP 8.2。您将学习如何编写简单的单元测试以及如何下载和运行 PHPUnit.PHPUnit 10 的文档 在这。下载：可以用以下2种方法之一：1.PHP 存档 (PHAR)我们分发了一个 PHP存档（PHAR），其中包含使用PHPUnit 10所需的一切 。只需从这里 下载 并使其可执行：wget -O phpunit https://phar.phpunit.de/phpunit-10.phar ➜ chmod +x phpunit ➜ ./phpunit --version PHPUnit 10.0.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.2.Composer您可以使用 Composer 将 PHPUnit 作为本地、每个项目、开发时依赖项添加到您的项目中：➜ composer require --dev phpunit/phpunit ^10 ➜ ./vendor/bin/phpunit --version PHPUnit 10.0.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.上面显示的示例假定composer在您的$PATH上。您的 composer.json 应该看起来像这样:{ "autoload": { "classmap": [ "src/" ] }, "require-dev": { "phpunit/phpunit": "^10" } }代码src/Email.php<?php declare(strict_types=1); final class Email { private string $email; private function __construct(string $email) { $this->ensureIsValidEmail($email); $this->email = $email; } public static function fromString(string $email): self { return new self($email); } public function asString(): string { return $this->email; } private function ensureIsValidEmail(string $email): void { if (!filter_var($email, FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL)) { throw new InvalidArgumentException( sprintf( '"%s" is not a valid email address', $email ) ); } } }测试代码tests/EmailTest.php<?php declare(strict_types=1); use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; final class EmailTest extends TestCase { public function testCanBeCreatedFromValidEmail(): void { $string = 'user@example.com'; $email = Email::fromString($string); $this->assertSame($string, $email->asString()); } public function testCannotBeCreatedFromInvalidEmail(): void { $this->expectException(InvalidArgumentException::class); Email::fromString('invalid'); } }测试执行：以下2种方法都可以：1.PHP 存档 (PHAR)➜ ./phpunit --bootstrap src/autoload.php tests PHPUnit 10.0.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. .. 2 / 2 (100%) Time: 70 ms, Memory: 10.00MB OK (2 tests, 2 assertions)上面假设你已经下载了phpunit.phar并将其作为phpunit放入你的$PATH，并且src/autoload.php 是一个为要测试的类设置自动加载 的脚本。这样的脚本通常使用 phpab 等工具生成。--bootstrap src/autoload.php指示 PHPUnit 命令行测试运行程序在运行测试之前包含src/autoload.php.tests 指示 PHPUnit 命令行测试运行程序执行在 tests 目录的 *Test.php 源代码文件中声明的所有测试.2.Composer➜ ./vendor/bin/phpunit tests PHPUnit 10.0.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. .. 2 / 2 (100%) Time: 70 ms, Memory: 10.00MB OK (2 tests, 2 assertions)上面假设 vendor/autoload.php（由 Composer 管理的自动加载器脚本）存在，并且能够加载 Email 类的代码。根据设置自动加载的方式，您可能需要立即运行composer dump-autoload。tests 指示 PHPUnit 命令行测试运行程序执行在 tests 目录的 Test.php 源代码文件中声明的所有测试.一些测试组件推荐：https://packagist.org/packages/mockery/mockeryphpunit/phpunitfakerphp/fakerhttps://github.com/phpstan/phpstanvimeo/psalmmikey179/vfsstreamrector/rector引用declare和strict_typesps：declare(strict_types=1);严格类型默认情况下，如果能做到的话，PHP将会强迫错误类型的值转为函数期望的标量类型。例如，一个函数的一个参数期望是string，但传入的是integer，最终函数得到的将会是一个string类型的值。可以基于每一个文件开启严格模式。在严格模式中，只有一个与类型声明完全相符的变量才会被接受，否则将会抛出一个TypeError。 唯一的一个例外是可以将integer传给一个期望float的函数。使用 declare 语句和strict_types 声明来启用严格模式https://blog.csdn.net/joshua317/article/details/121252625assertsame使用运算符检查身份报告由 if 标识的错误，如果两个变量的类型和值不同 或者 两个变量不引用同一对象 报错https://docs.phpunit.de/en/10.1/assertions.html#assertsame